Smart Street Light Using FPGA Tool

Abstract

Street lighting is a critical component of urban infrastructure, consuming a significant portion of electrical energy. Traditional street lights remain operational throughout the night, leading to unnecessary energy wastage. This paper presents the design and implementation of a smart street lighting system using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and Infrared (IR) sensors. The proposed system detects motion using dual IR sensors and activates corresponding Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for a fixed duration of three seconds. Designed in Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and implemented on the Basys 3 FPGA board, the system leverages Finite State Machine (FSM) architecture to ensure real-time, low-latency performance. Simulation and testing in Vivado Design Suite confirmed accurate object detection and power-saving LED control. The modular design, efficient timing logic, and parallel processing capabilities make it a promising solution for energy- efficient urban infrastructure.