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Key Concepts in the Analysis and Design of Steel Stacks

Fazil T Najafi, Samuel A Babatunde

Abstract


The main objective of steel stacks is to vent exhaust gases into the atmosphere. The design of stacks is currently regulated by air pollution rules and regulations as stipulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). These environmental constraints and the need to maintain ambient air quality and stack inlet temperature have made steel stacks among the tallest and most dynamically sensitive in the structural and mechanical engineering annals. Engineers must follow the code and design steel stacks to withstand seismic and wind loads, extreme vibration modes, wind turbulence, ovaling from wind pressure, maintain ambient air quality, and balance structural stability and other operating conditions such as gas temperature. This paper discusses essential analytical methods and design considerations in the design of steel stacks.

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) design standard for steel stacks (ASME STS-1-2006) does not provide design guidance on determining dynamic forces and the resulting stresses due to seismic and wind vibrations. These areas remain very challenging to engineers who are involved in the design and analysis of tall chimneys. Therefore, this paper emphasizes seismic analysis and design for dynamic wind forces and the vibrational characteristics of steel stacks induced by wind.

Keywords:    steel stacks, aerodynamically sensitive, seismic, wind, vibrations, ovaling, dynamic, forces, wind vibrations


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References


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