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Scavenging Effects of Annona Muricata (Soursop) Leaf Extract Against Testosterone – Induced Prostate Hyperplasia in a Rat Model
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the scavenging effects of Annona Muricata (soursop) leaf extract against testosterone – induced prostate hyperplasia in a rat model. A total of 78 adult male rats obtained from the laboratory animal production unit of the Department of Physiology, Abia State University, Uturu were used for the different segments of the study. Eighteen of the rats were used for acute toxicity/lethal dose evaluation of the extract while the remaining sixty (60) were used for the testosterone-induced hyperplasia study. Prostate hyperplasia was induced in the rats via daily sub-cutaneous administration of testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days. Sixty rats used for this segment of the study were assigned to 6 groups of 10 rats and treated as follows: Group 1, Normal control, no treatment. Group 2 Testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg) only and was the BPH control. Group3, Testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg body weight) + Finesteride (3 mg/kg body weight). Group 4, Testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg body weight) + Annona Muricata Leaf extract (300 mg/kg body weight). Group 5, Testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg bw) + Annona Muricata Leaf extract (600 mg/kg body weight). Group 6, Annona Muricata Leaf extract (600 mg/kg bw) only. At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected into EDTA and plain bottles for determination of enzymatic antioxidants on serum samples for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, was determined while reduced glutathione and Malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined spectrophotometrically. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 20.0, IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) was used to analyze the collected data. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the level of significance. Data were analyzed using Duncan Multiple Range Test and complemented with Student’s t test for post-hoc test for comparisons of the means of the various doses and fractions. P- values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significantly different between the test and control groups as well as among test groups for measured value. From this present study, Annona muricata (soursop) leaf extract displayed a diverse phytochemical profile rich in vitamins and antioxidants, which likely contributed to its observed antioxidant properties and ability to mitigate oxidative stress. These antioxidative effects were crucial in preserving cellular integrity and mitigating pathological changes induced by testosterone.
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